How to batch manage literature from different sources in Zotero?

Batch management of heterogeneous literature sources within Zotero is feasible through its robust import capabilities and integrated tools. Automated processes handle large volumes effectively. Successful batch management requires files in standardized formats like BibTeX or RIS, or PDFs containing identifiable metadata. Zotero automatically extracts and deduplicates entries using unique identifiers such as DOIs or ISBNs. Pay close attention to source formatting consistency to minimize parsing errors during import. Post-import manual verification and refinement within the Zotero library are essential for accuracy. The approach applies to managing imported collections but requires caution with complex source types lacking clear metadata. Implement batch management by first gathering literature files (BibTeX, RIS, PDFs) into a single directory. Within Zotero, use the `File` > `Import...` function to select and import these files collectively, utilizing the appropriate import filter. Afterwards, rigorously inspect imported items for errors or missing fields. Finally, execute the `Find Duplicates` function under the `Tools` menu to identify and merge redundant entries, ensuring the integrity and organization of the consolidated library. This workflow significantly accelerates literature organization and foundation building.