How to clean up duplicate literature in Zotero?

Duplicate cleanup in Zotero involves identifying and merging redundant references using the software's native functionality and manual verification. This process effectively consolidates duplicate items, preserving associated notes and attachments. Initiate cleanup via the "Find Duplicates" feature under the "Library" menu. Zotero scans your library, displaying potential duplicate groups. Users must critically review each group to confirm true duplication before merging; automatic detection is not infallible. Select the preferred master item within a group, then choose "Merge # Duplicates..." to transfer child data into it. Crucially, inconsistent metadata fields (author names, publication dates) require manual reconciliation post-merge, and no automatic backup precedes deletion. This process enhances citation management efficiency, ensuring accuracy in bibliographies and systematic reviews. Always back up your Zotero library (`File` > `Export Library...`) before initiating large-scale deduplication to prevent potential data loss. Review merged records carefully to guarantee complete and correct metadata.