What format should be used when citing oral reports?

Citations for oral reports should follow formats similar to conference presentations in standard citation styles. Key elements include the presenter(s), presentation title, event/conference name, and location with date. Major citation styles (APA, MLA, Chicago) require consistent core elements: the presenter's name(s), the presentation title in quotation marks, the name of the conference or event in italics (or standard formatting per style), the venue location (city, state/country), and the date of delivery. Crucially, oral presentations are typically considered personal communications or unpublished sources; they lack stable retrievability, so URLs or DOIs are generally excluded. Provide enough detail for others to identify the specific event and presentation accurately. Properly citing oral reports attributes ideas correctly and upholds academic integrity, especially important when referencing ephemeral sources presented at conferences, seminars, symposiums, or academic talks. The consistent inclusion of presenter, title, event, location, and date allows readers to understand the origin and context of the cited information. Follow your chosen style guide meticulously for punctuation and order specifics.